Lesson 5: Applying Construction to Animals

3:24 PM, Tuesday May 4th 2021

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Oh boy. This was the most challenging lesson yet, even more so because it covered the closest subject matter to the kind of things I really want to draw.

The hardest part for me was probably the very first exercise, organic intersections. I struggle so much with just visualising how these forms sit on top of each other, how their shapes change... it's infuriating and very frustrating.

Also, after the second page of my foxes, I went back and did every informal demo on the page, on the advice of the discord server. It was helpful, and I think the quality of my work improved from there on.

Reference photos are in the caption box of each page.

Thanks in advance for the help.

2 users agree
7:06 PM, Tuesday May 4th 2021

Hi Cynsh! I'm gonna go over your lesson.

Starting out by your organic intersections, I'm seeing that you had trouble with it, so I'm going to do my best to help you out on this one. First of all, a foundation of this exercise are the sausages alone, you need to feel comfortable moving them around in 3d to do a good job on then showing how they relate with others of their kind, so the first two things are sausage related: 1- Remember that they are cylindrical, if you look closely to the contour curves you are adding, in a lot of cases they are too flat, try to push them a little more to show the cylindrical contour of the sausage. 2- Remember to vary the degrees of the sausages, I know you are doing it, though it's still too shy, don't feel afraid to experiment by changing the degrees drastically on one same sausage. Remember that each of this contour curve represent how that cross section is facing the viewer, so if it gets wider it means it's facing more towards the viewer, and if it get narrower it means it's facing away from the viewer- See this diagram!.

Now, after making sure we are making solid and believable sausages, check again the exercise demo.

Moving on to your constructions, I agree with you in the sense that it's a clear big jump between the foxes and the rest of the constructions, though I'm noticing a number of issues to which I can give you advice on so you can move on the right direction.

One thing that is calling my attention is how you are adding extra mass to your animals. Now, it really looks like you've improved since last lesson where this was a major issue, so good job on making the effort, though I will ask you to push a little further! So, as you may already know, every time we are adding mass to our construction they are meant to feel solid and 3d on their own, almost like a ball of clay floating in space, and then as we squized them towards the forms we've already laid down, they start getting more complex, but not random, they are still following the surface they are falling on, wrapping around them. See this diagram as a visual representation. See this deer back while you are going towards the right direction, you are still showing how they wrap around very shyly and a little 2d. Here is something that I saw that happened in quite a few of your constructions, where the form you are adding falls short from reaching the contour of the construction and ends up affecting the solidity of the construction.

On the same note, remember that you can add contour curves to this extra masses to show how they sit in 3d and how they face the viewer (just as we talked in the organic intersections), for example on the back of your komodo dragon when I saw that looong line connecting the hip and the neck it looked like you were just changing the silhouette and I almost fainted, though looking more closely I understood that i was just a large form that you added. While sometimes students tend to add way too much contour curves, you are almost not adding any, and remember that it's a tool we use to communicate things to the viewer that we may assume it's obvious but it's that way just because we did it!

Now, I wanna quickly move on to your legs, while they are not bad and they have both some gesture and solidity, instead of using the average sausge method for the legs you are using more like streched balls, which make the legs look stiff.

Another quick thing I've noticed is that in a lot of your animals they are looking a little stiff on their poses because of the way you are putting down the hip and the thorax, remember that they are a little tilted, like in this demo instead of just on straight to each other. This is not a big deal, but it will help give your animals a more natural look.

Lastly, I wanted to touch on head construction, while this is a section that Uncomfy wants to update on the future, he is going to take a while, even though he is doing a lot of work to get the earlier lessons updated. However, we have a lot of things to work with, first of all, check this demo, this is how you should be aproaching head construction from now on.

Basically what you need to take into account is that whenever you are building a head, you should look for this key element (eye sockets, muzzle, ect) and try to fit them all together like a 3d puzzle, don't let them float freely on the cranial mass since balls are really tough shapes to deal in 3d since they look exactly like their evil 2d cousins the circles.

So, I can clearly see that you put a lot fo effort in here, though it seems like the main issue is adding that extra mass and showing how it relates to the other forms. So, I've though of a way in which we can try to get step up your sausages, first, I'm gonna ask you to do for revision one page of just sausages, like the exercise you did in the last lesson and lesson 2. Now, this may look like a step back, and I don't want you to lie you and say you it's not, but I feel that you need more practice on them alone, without relating to other masses. Here, try to take into account the two corrections I made at te beginning of the critique, remember the roundness of the sausage and really experiment with the degrees of the contour curves.

After you are done with that page, you are going to watch again the demo on organic intersections I've linked you and do one page of that, I want you to focus on those relationships and how they wrap with each other.

For a start focus on that, and after you are done with them we are going to try to move on and apply all of this on a construction!

Next Steps:

1 page of sausages- Make sure you are experimenting with them and not being afraid of making mistakes, remember that this is the place where you want to make mistakes for me to give you advice on how to solve them!

1 page of organic intersections- Do them only after you are done with the sausages.

Most importantly take your time with this exercises don't try to rush through them.

Best of lucks!

When finished, reply to this critique with your revisions.
2:56 PM, Friday May 7th 2021

Here's the sausages and intersection pages https://imgur.com/gallery/RvBEL2i

Did the best I could with the cast shadows, but that's yet another area where I don't feel like I really 'get' it and there's frustratingly little I can find that helps.

Thanks again :>

11:40 PM, Friday May 7th 2021

Okay! For the sausages they are looking much better, though keep trying to push those contour lines to show that they are rounded, since sometimes they are falling a little flat.

Now, I asked Elodin for help because I wasn't able to see how could I help you with your organic intersections. So, he give me very useful advice on the topics I want to draw attention on.

First, see how this two sausages are just floating without being affected by gravity and ultimately not wrapping around the other sausages. Now, I want you to see my take on it, see how they are going over to the other side of the big sausage and wrapping around it, also notice that they are doing this because of gravity.

It's important that you understand this, since all the forms we draw besides just feeling solid, to be believable, they also need to have weight and suffer the effects of gravity! The only reasons why this exercise works is because gravity pushes those sausages to wrap around it each other when we pile them up!

If this is still being hard to understand (and I don't expect you to get at it first glance), check this demo of the different views of how the sausage wraps around the main one.

One last thing, cast shadows are more logical than what you may think: first, they go to the opposite direction from where the light comes from, so try to pick a source of light in of both the right or left top corners of the page. And second, as they fall, they follow the form of the forms they are being cast on, to check this you can see how you put your contour curves and make them follow that! Here is a not so good correction of your cast shadows!

Now, I will have to ask you to redo again the organic intersections exercise- It's very important that you understand this since it's a key element of spatial reasoning, plus this is the last lesson that this exercise appears.

Next Steps:

One more page of organic intersections, read carefully and check all the demos I showed you here!

And good luck!

When finished, reply to this critique with your revisions.
3:44 PM, Sunday May 9th 2021

https://imgur.com/a/ZuD5rjo

Posted versions with and without cast shadows

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