Lesson 3: Applying Construction to Plants

5:22 PM, Friday June 26th 2020

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Some aspects of the homework I had some difficulty. I decided to focus on the construction aspect of the plants, but for the multiple cactus plants, I added some pebbles to indicate where it is sitting inside the pot (hopefully this is ok).

I realized I made an error after checking the philodendron drawing again, namely adding cast shadows to a blank space of air. When looking at the plant from the viewer's perspective, I also wasn't sure how to indicate the line weight to the leaves that are in front of one another.

If there's some critical mistakes I made, please let me know and I will do additional work. I will also do the next lesson's homework on printer paper (I kept on forgetting for some reason).

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6:42 PM, Friday June 26th 2020

Overall you've done a pretty good job here. There are a few issues I'll address, but all in all you're demonstrating a good grasp of the principles of the lesson.

Starting with your arrows, I think here you're doing a great job of getting them to flow smoothly and fluidly through space, although keep an eye on the gaps between your zigzagging sections. Right now you're keeping the spacing between them a lot larger, even though we can clearly see the width of the ribbon itself getting narrower with perspective/foreshortening. The gaps should be getting tighter as well.

Moving onto your leaves, you're doing a great job of adhering to the principles of construction, specifically in how you use the previous phases of construction as a scaffolding to directly support any further complexity yo build up in your structures. There are a couple places where you break away from this, however - for example, in the top left you zigzag your edge detail back and forth as explained here, and in your bottom right you skip constructional steps as explained here.

Additionally, I do feel that your leaves here are a touch more stiff than they should be. Drawing smaller is a common cause of this - generally speaking, our brain benefits from being given more room to think through spatial problems. Conversely, when we purposely draw smaller (as many students have a tendency to), we can actually limit our brain's capacity to grasp how things exist in 3D space, and in turn it can lead to stiffer linework. It also limits our willingness to engage our whole arm when drawing, which has the same result. I am ultimately pleased that throughout the rest of your work you tend to draw quite large, so it isn't a concern beyond this exercise.

Moving onto your branches, these are looking good. You're extending each segment fully halfway towards the next ellipse and are achieving a good overlap between your strokes to maintain a more seamless transition from one to the next. Well done!

Looking at your plant constructions, you're largely doing quite well, and I have just a few things I want to point out as issues. Before that however, I want to remark that even as early as your daisy demo, you're drawing the flower petals to have a much stronger sense of flow and far less stiffness than the page of leaves exercises, so I'm glad to see that you're improving on this.

So, here are the issues I noticed:

  • When drawing along with the potato plant demo, you selectively only drew some of the filled black areas, and in doing so, removed the context that made the black sections you did fill in make sense. Those black sections are all cast shadows - the ones you drew are basically where we treat the leaf density to be so heavy that light is unable to reach the ground in those areas. Normally we would not simply fill in spaces in our drawing with solid black - each and every filled black shape would be an individual cast shadow, using its own new outlines rather than the outlines already present in the drawing. Without other such individual cast shadow shapes present in the drawing, it simply looks as though you've made the mistake of filling those spaces in with black.

  • Along the right side of this white lily, you've got a smaller petal there that is definitely complex enough that it should have first been drawn with a simple leaf form before building up that complexity. Don't skip steps - construction is all about laying down scaffoldings to support the complexity we ultimately wish to capture. Sometimes we put down scaffolding so we can build up more complex scaffolding, in successive phases until we're actually able to support the greatest degree of complexity we require in that area. Simply drawing a more complex form without anything to support it will cause it to feel more flat and less believably three dimensional.

  • You called out this cactus and asked if it was fine to add pebbles along their base. While it's fine to capture such things, this should have been captured using textural techniques - meaning capturing the shadows they'd cast on their surroundings, not outlining each form in its entirety. This is explained in lesson 2's section on implicit/explicit drawing techniques.

  • You pointed this out yourself already, but I figured I'd mention it for the sake of completeness. On this drawing, you filled in the empty spaces between your forms with solid black. It's not just about not putting cast shadows on empty space - the points I raised about your potato plant also stand. Even if there were a surface behind them upon which shadows would be cast, you'd still have to provide some clearly designed shadow shapes to help provide context for what those filled black areas are.

  • When drawing anything cylindrical - such as flower pots - be sure to construct them around a central minor axis line to help keep all the ellipses aligned to one another.

So! I'm going to go ahead and mark this lesson as complete. Be sure to keep the points I've mentioned here in mind as you continue onto the next lesson.

Next Steps:

Feel free to move onto lesson 4.

This critique marks this lesson as complete.
6:46 PM, Friday June 26th 2020

Thank you very much for the critique. i will keep what you have in mind.

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