Lesson 5: Applying Construction to Animals

6:41 AM, Tuesday March 25th 2025

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Had a lot of fun drawing the exercise, just had difficulties in translating the fur that was put. It was fun and I hope to hear your feedback on it!

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8:20 AM, Sunday April 20th 2025
edited at 6:27 PM, Apr 20th 2025

Hi there G4rinuun, looks like I'll be critiquing your work again. So without too much fanfare, let's get to it:

Organic Intersections. Okay, so looking at these two pages, the first thing that stands out is the use of the space. I get a strong sense of the plane upon which the sausages rest. There's a couple errors though that throw the illusion a little bit. On this first page here, I've marked a few spots that stand out to me as being particularly disruptive to the illusion. Namely, you want to make sure you draw through your forms. Now when it comes to their contour curves, they follow the same principles as described back in lesson 2. It can be a little tougher to maintain their alignment without the gestural minor axis used in that assignment, but the degree shifts adhere to the same idea. The other thing I wanted to touch on was the shadows; I didn't mark them in my review, but there's a couple that follow the form that makes them rather than fall on the forms beneath them. In the case of this exercise, it's better to maintain the illusion if you keep one light source hitting across all the sausages.

I will say that the second page has more complete forms, but the shadow work and the contour shifts are still lacking. If it helps, here is a diagram of a banana with rubber bands that captures the behavior of contour curves as the banana exists in space(not that a banana has much agency beyond existing).

Animal Constructions. Alright, the meat of the lesson! There's a good variety creatures here, and I can appreciate trying the non-traditional fish using the principles of construction. For the most part, your creatures are readable, and I can get a sense of their forms, but there's a number of issues that need addressing. There's a few cases, like this fox, where it looks like you cranial and torso balls were starting to fray a little, and this camel where pelvic ball is all but ignored in the construction. As outlined in lesson 1, our work is best conveyed in clear intentioned marks that are smooth and confident.

So looking through these constructions, I can see that balls were used to construct the torso, along with the cranial ball. For the legs, from what I can gather, it looks like you're approach was to use the large muscle forms as demonstrated in the lesson material and continue from there. Something I began to notice is that the legs for these creatures continue through as tubes defined by their contour ellipses.

Legs.

Looking over the work here, there seems to be some confusion as to the construction method for animal legs in this lesson. For example, the second shiba uses sausages, but then your hybrid uses tubes. In other constructions, I'm seeing a conflict between the two, as seen in the first shiba.

Just like with lesson 4, our form of choice for legs is going to be the sausage. I know Comfy is in the process of revising the lessons, so unfortunately we find ourselves in conflicting times where it doesn't feel 100% certain just what we're striving for. The wolf demo does demonstrate the sausage construction. Ultimately though, it's roughly the same idea as lesson 4, with sausages being jammed into each other with a contour curve showing where they intersect. From there, we can add forms and build up from there.

Incidentally, Comfy has also produced a diagram demonstrating a 3d construction for feet that can be a good starting point for our own constructions.

Organic Additions.

On several of these I see good application of organic additions. Your koi and first shiba are especially good-looking as far as additional forms go. Something to keep in mind is that when organic forms meet up against other organic forms, they don't really stop or form straight lines or angles, but rather continue to flow over each other as they continue to spread out. As you can see in this diagram, it can get complex trying to see how the forms relate to each other as they rest on top of the sausage.

It may help to think of the way that the organic form exists in a vacuum. By itself, there's nothing to the form beyond itself, so it appears as a simple form in space. Once applied to another form though, it begins to take on the property of the new form, which creates complexity along the intersection where the forms meet. I have a diagram describing that here that demonstrates this idea.

Something to keep in mind too is that as we continue to add forms to our constructions, we end up developing a set of consistencies that help convey the illusion of 3D. Our work gets in trouble when we contradict those ideas. I only bring this up because there's a few instances where organic forms are connected by a single line or entire additions are missing information. 2D additions are a strategy to construction, but they clash with our three-dimensional approach. In the case of our camel, there's a number of parts here that challenge our 3d illusion.

Muzzle Construction. This is probably one of the harder aspects of this lesson to gain a handle on for most students. Like the other elements of our animal constructions, though, this is merely a base from from which we can build out our creatures. The lesson material as it stands has a number of interpretations, but as you see at the top of the page here, Comfy recommends we follow the method provided in the informal demos section. Again, this has to do with Comfy's planned revisions, so it's an easy detail to miss.

I do see though, a few attempts to follow a semblance of the muzzle construction. Your second shiba looks especially well done, even without the pentagonal eye socket.

There's a few I'd like to help with, starting with the pelican. In my own constructions, I still follow the method comfy introduced in the demo of the [pelican], and it can serve you here. Like all of our forms at this point, they intersect with the other base forms as needed, so make sure it intersects with the cranial ball. Same is true for the eye here with our camel. I went overboard and added the forms, but the important thing to focus on here is the importance of the head construction. The five-sided eye socket, each side a contour carved into our ball, allows us to define the head in a way that lets us see the planes, and that can be very helpful in planning how to apply our additions.

Final Thoughts.

Okay, so I went through here and picked apart your work, to a degree that might be overwhelming at best, or incoherent at worst. I apologize in advance if it comes across as the former, as I tried be comprehensive with all of your work here rather than focus on one or two constructions. BUT what is important here is that I believe you can do these constructions as required; there are many elements in your work that are well done, but not always on the same page. Therefore I'm requesting a few more pieces to complete your critique. They don't necessarily have to be new animals, but I will ask that they be new references. I'm looking for the following:

  • complete basic form construction, with sausage legs serving as bases for the leg.

  • additions are 3-dimensional, and build on the form it attaches to.

  • muzzle construction.

There's some good examples of muzzle construction as well as leg assembly in informal demos section. Review these along with some of the other diagrams here as you consider your new constructions.

Next Steps:

  • One page of Organic Intersections

  • Two Pages of Construction as Applied to Animals (Four legged, hooved, or bird is acceptable)

Once complete, you can reply to this post with the new drawings, and I'll continue the critique. Likewise, if you have any questions, I'll try my best to assist you in a timely manner.

When finished, reply to this critique with your revisions.
edited at 6:27 PM, Apr 20th 2025
1:22 PM, Monday April 21st 2025

Hi hi!

First of all I would like to thank you so much for the very detailed feedback! The feedback about putting the direction of the light in one direction helped me a lot and I was able to visualize the shadow much better. I didn't realize my shadow mimicked the shape instead of the surface underneath it, thank you for pointing it out!

For the animals, I realize that I skipped over a lot of detailed muscles. I would like to thank you in regards to the example you given on my camel drawing. In regards to the legs, I was not confident and ended up using lines, so thank you for telling me to use sausage! I think my biggest problem was not being able to set up the three ellipses properly (head, ribcage, pelvis) since it's either spread too apart or didn't looked as good as I thought. So you can see on the rhino and tiger I see below that I ended up adding a lot of muscles to fix the location of my ribcage, rolling in with my mistakes.

Also, thank you for all the diagras you provided. The muscles one made it understable for me to draw it properly. Thank you very much for what you have done, you are not at all incoherent.

But here is my revision (I included the reference as well):

https://imgur.com/a/zI7vJmi

Thank you and I hope to hear from you soon!

9:06 AM, Tuesday April 22nd 2025
edited at 8:29 AM, Apr 25th 2025

Hi there, and welcome back. I wasn't expecting you to have a full response so quickly, but that's okay, we can work from here. I'll go ahead start by saying that I am seeing noticeable improvement throughout the work. There's still some rough spots, but we'll talk about those in a hopefully more organized fashion.

Organic Intersections.

First, the marksmanship is vastly improved. There's more uniformity across the forms here, and those contour curves shift more noticeably. That's great to see! There are still a few areas where the additions didn't wrap around the far side of the form they fell on. As always, we're trying to internalize the illusion of 3d with our constructions, so these small areas where our forms don't interact create subconscious contradictions in our perception that ends up flattening our image. I noticed some other areas where the forms don't intereact where they ought to.

Looking over this , I think it's fair to say there is better application of shadow across these forms, with the exception of the one I noted in the corner. It may help to think of cast shadows as 3d projections of the form that creates them. This information doesn't really change how they follow the form, which your work does show, but it will help when determining the shape of the shadow.

Animal Constructions.

So in the original critique, I saw some confusion as to the construction method to follow for our animals. So in setting up the revisions, I considered what I deem essential to the construction process, which I'll just repeat again to be complete:

  1. complete basic form construction, with sausage legs serving as bases for the leg.

  2. additions are 3-dimensional, and build on the form it attaches to.

  3. muzzle construction.

Starting with the tiger, I've marked out where I identified the core components. I'm happy to see that you're adopting the sausage-leg construction, and while it's still missing the contour intersections, it already looks considerably more solid. Cranial ball here is a little big, but you made sure it connects to the torso here. It's possible you missed the note on the bottom of this graphic about making sure the neck-tube connects with the contour ellipse of the torso sausage, but in this case it isn't part of the larger problem I have with this particular construction.

As you mentioned, I can see where you used additions to fill in for your torso. It's possible that I'm misreading it, but the conflict I see is that there are several 2D additions that complete the torso here. I cautioned against relying on 2d additions in the "Organic Additions" section in my original critique. The problem with these is identical to the problem when organic sausages in the intersections exercise don't overlap; we cannot see how these shapes interact, if at all, with the neighboring form.

The "Organic Additions" section was really a setup to utilize that graphic that showed the difference between 2d and 3d additions. It's worth reiterating here that organic additions are used to create mass on our base forms and sausages. A [single organic form] does the work of these three shapes. It's not a perfect solution, but we're not striving for perfect, or pretty, but rather a greater understanding of the dimensions of the creature or object we're studying.

(Note. ) This is what I've written so far after an evening of evaluation and drawing. My drawings also include some observations I've made with your rhino drawings, but there's more to add to this critique before it's complete. I'll continue work when the time becomes available to me.

Part 2

Moving onto the Rhino, I was able to spot the base forms of the body here. I point out here that the torso sausage is nonexistant, and instead I see ribcage and pelvis balls. I moved on to try and identify the leg forms being applied as well as the head construction, and it really seemed to spot numerous additions and errors that forced me to stop my evaluation.

... so, here goes...

The additional work I've requested here is rough in the sense that the principles of DrawaBox as a course are applied very inconsistently. The work here feels rushed and poorly executed. I am seeing work that looks like improvement, yes, but in terms of the three things that I was looking for, I cannot confidently say you have markedly improved with what I'm seeing here.

As thorough as I tend to be in my critiques, I also try to be reasonable in the way that I request revisions. There's really nothing stopping a student from moving on to the next lesson, so taking the time to submit the work to even be looked at by another student is a strong indicator of willingness to follow the program and learn. It's for those reasons that reviewers have no power or benefit to set unreasonable standards in their critiques.

As it stands, I feel that I've been as thorough as can be as far trying to evaluate your work and point out where in the lesson additional clarification can be found. I want to see you improve, of course, but I need to see it for myself before I can consider this lesson complete for you.

If you wish to submit another pair of constructions, I am willing to try again to evaluate them. Just understand that the way I evaluate a submission is time consuming; the original post for your review took me over a week to write, and the first part of this reply took me about 4 hours, and then another 3 hours for this one. THAT'S NOT TO SAY THAT'S YOUR PROBLEM. Obviously I'm putting in way more than is necessary. But what I'm getting at is that if I'm going to evaluate your work again, I don't want to find myself pointing out the same type of errors again.

So with that in mind, I highly recommend you look through the lesson material. Do the demos if you haven't done them already, or follow along with the video if you are able. Also study the informal demos; you don't have to draw all those, but it will help to try drawing the muzzle on a couple heads.

I also have a collection of diagrams that I've taken from other critiques or even hidden away on discord in the pins. I don't think I shared all of them in my original critique, but I definitely used a few. However, I'll offer them here partly because you'll find diagrams from those informal demos and other similar stuff from other lessons.

Above all else, I really, truly, don't want you to feel bad about this essay I've put together. As I said before, reviewers have no benefit from being unreasonable, and, if anything, I feel I stand to lose something if I end up scaring away a student I'm trying to help.

Last thing I want to mention is that this is just my recommendation. You don't really need my specific critique to advance to other work, and really, anyone else can produce a critique and mark your work as complete. If someone else marks your critique as complete, then there's no need to have this critique marked as well.

edited at 8:29 AM, Apr 25th 2025
10:40 AM, Tuesday April 22nd 2025

Hi,

I would to once again thank you for the critique that you have wrote. For the organic intersection

  • Center, the reason why one of them was hanging on the air was that during the sausage drawing phase I accidentally didn't made it squishy enough. Knowing this I ended up pushing it to see how it would end.

  • Left, I was honestly having trouble trying to put in the shadows on that side due to how minimal it was. Part of me wanted to outline the line where the two sausage met, but was not confident enough to describe the shadow.

  • Right, unlikely and wrong shadow, was a good catch! I was having trouble trying to describe it in my head so I ended up just overshadowing it.

In regards, to the tiger, I finally understood what you meant was flat 2d additions when you shown that green colored space. I think I was limited by the angle of the reference and I should have used another reference to see how the muscle underneath there interact. As for the neck tube, I'll be sure to make it so that the connection between the neck tube and the ribcage had more curve to indicate that they are contour ellipse, giving the illusion that the neck was connected to somthing rounded. Thank you for pointing it out!

I'll await for your next set of feedback but please, take your time. Thank you for doing this :D Cheers!

4:55 AM, Tuesday April 29th 2025

Hi,

Thank you for giving me the complete feedback! I'm sorry if the work looked rushed, it is not my intention to finish the feedback quickly. For the past weeks I have finished a lot of my work, to which I was able to do the feedback within a day.

I can say that the problem I had with drawing the construction was that I kept overshooting or undershooting the lines for the base forms compared to the reference, even with ghosting method applies. Since we are using fineliners, I ended up working from those base and trying to do my best to course correct.

Thank you for critiquing and don't feel bad about being too harsh, I appreciate all feedback :D

Also, I found out that re-editing post may not cause notification to pop out, so don't be afraid to double post if you wanna split my critique! Thank you again for the very detailed feedback, I'll try to submit 2 more construction from another animal. Cheers and have a good day!

12:35 PM, Friday May 2nd 2025

Hi,

I have done two more drawings of the animal to try to correct my mistakes. I think the only problem I had this time was drawing individual fingers on their foot. The references I had mainly had them covered and it was hard for me to decide even with the help for other images references.

Construction wise I have made sure to follow the steps from the tutorial by using the sausage shape, though I felt a bit limited when starting the shape of the head with a circle, so I ended up shaping it either into a box or a jewel shape. Thank you for reading this and I hope to hear from you soon. Take it easy and no rush alright, I don't mind if the critique is short, I just don't want to tax your health too much. Thank you so much for lending your time to critique this. I apologize if my progress is a bit slow.

Link: https://imgur.com/a/gjoy5m1

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8:14 PM, Thursday April 17th 2025

hello :)) im willing to take a look, but i was wondering if you had the references you used?

10:50 PM, Saturday April 19th 2025

I think I have it, in order:

Fox: https://www.warrenphotographic.co.uk/00248-fox-and-cat-meeting

fox2: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/two-young-red-foxes-cuddling-370877936

horse: https://www.warrenphotographic.co.uk/05084-palamino-horse

horse2 (I think it's this one): https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/red-horse-run-gm523243976-91913383?searchscope=image%2Cfilm

camel: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camel#/media/File:07._Camel_Profile,_near_Silverton,_NSW,_07.07.2007.jpg

camel2: I couldn't find it but it had a perspective where the head was closer, sorry :(

stork: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stork#/media/File:Ringed_white_stork.jpg

stork2: https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1041224

shiba: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiba_Inu#/media/File:Taka_Shiba.jpg

shiba2: I couldn't find it again, it was a young shiba pup playing on sand jumping (yes I messed up the legs haha)

koi: couldn't find the exact image, seems to be a different type of koi breed

frilled: https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/wildlife/2019/08/the-science-behind-the-frill-of-the-frillneck-lizard/

Sorry if I couldn't some of them, but thank you for looking in :D

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